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Chowdappa, P.
- Coconut Inflorescence Sap and its Value Addition as Sugar - Collection Techniques, Yield, Properties and Market Perspective
Abstract Views :537 |
PDF Views:217
Authors
K. B. Hebbar
1,
M. Arivalagan
1,
M. R. Manikantan
1,
A. C. Mathew
1,
C. Thamban
1,
George V. Thomas
1,
P. Chowdappa
1
Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod, 671 124, IN
1 ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod, 671 124, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 109, No 8 (2015), Pagination: 1411-1417Abstract
Fresh coconut sap (neera), if kept at room temperature for a couple of hours, undergoes fermentation. Fresh sap is golden in colour, with pH > 7 and has no foul odour. The traditional way of tapping, i.e. collecting the sap in a mud pot kept at the top of the palm under atmospheric temperature for 8-12 h, ferments the sap before collection itself. The colour turns whitish, pH drops to below 6 and odour of toddy (fermented smell) slowly develops. Hence the only way to avoid fermentation of sap is either keeping collection boxes at low temperature or to collect the sap every hour and store chilled. Central Plantation Crops Research Institute has developed 'coco-sap chiller' with ice cubes inside, which maintains the temperature at 2-3°C for 10-12 h, and also keeps the sap fresh and unfermented. The sap collected is sweet, non-alcoholic and also free from contaminants like ants, other insects, pollen, dust, etc. The fresh, hygienic and unfermented sap is called Kalparasa. It can be sold as a ready-to-serve health drink under refrigerated condition or can be processed into value-added natural products like sugar, jaggery, honey, syrup, etc. without the addition of chemicals.Keywords
Coconut Sap, Health Drink, Market Prospects, Sugar Content, Tapping.Full Text
References
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- Sodah Ayernor, G. K. and Matthews, J. S., The sap of the palm Elaeis guineensis Jacq. as raw material for alcoholic fermentation in Ghana. Trop. Sci., 1971, XIII(1), 71–83.
- Van Die, J., The developing fruits of Cocos nucifera and Phoenix dactylifera as physiological sinks importing and assimilating the mobile aqueous phase of the sieve tube system. Acta Bot. Neerl., 1974, 23(4), 521–540.
- Kalparasa – non alcoholic unfermented health drink from coconut spadix. Trade Mark Journal, 2014, Application no. 2813919.
- Grimwood, B. E., Coconut palm products, their processing in developing countries. FAO Agricultural Development Paper No. 99, FAO, Rome, 1975, pp. 189–192.
- Hebbar, K. B., A simple device to collect fresh and hygienic neera (inflorescence sap) from coconut tree. Patent filed. Patent Office Journal 28 June 2013, pp. 16178.
- Hebbar, K. B., Mathew, A. C., Arivalagan, M., Samsudeen, K. and Thomas, G. V., Value added products from neera. Indian Coconut J., 2013, 28.
- Augustine, J. and Hebbar, K. B., Coco sap chiller: a new device for the collection of fresh, hygienic and unfermented kalparasa (neera). Patent filed. 5 September 2014, p. 972.
- Hebbar, K. B., Arivalagan, M., Manikantan, M. R., Mathew, A. C. and Chowdappa, P., Kalparasa collection and value addition. In Technical Bulletin No. 92, ICAR-CPCRI, Kasaragod, Kerala, 2015.
- Borin, K. and Preston, T. R., Conserving biodiversity and the environment and improving the wellbeing of poor farmers in Cambodia by promoting pig feeding systems using the juice of the sugar palm tree (Borassus flabellifer). Livestock Res. Rural Dev., 1995, 7(2); http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd7/2/5.htm
- Hamilton, L. S. and Murphy, D. H., Use and management of nipa palm (Nypa fruticans, Arecaceae): a review. Econ Bot., 1988, 42(2), 206–213.
- Samsudeen, K., Niral, V., Jerald, B. A., Kumar, M., Sugatha, P. and Hebbar, K. B., Influence of variety and season in the inflorescence sap production in Cocos nucifera L. J. Plantation Crops, 2013, 41(1), 57–61.
- Philippine Coconut Authority – Plant and Tissue Analysis Laboratory. Coconuts Today, November 2004, vol. XIX.
- Management of Phytophthora–A deadly Plant Pathogen
Abstract Views :231 |
PDF Views:82
Authors
Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 571 124, IN
2 ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru 560 089, IN
1 ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 571 124, IN
2 ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru 560 089, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 110, No 12 (2016), Pagination: 2213-2215Abstract
Stramenopile pathogens of the genus Phytophthora cause devastating diseases on a wide range of agricultural and horticultural crops, natural vegetation and forestry worldwide. There are over 140 species in the genus and many have wide host range.Full Text
- Rejuvenating Coconut Sector for Improving Livelihood Security
Abstract Views :278 |
PDF Views:89
Authors
Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 671 124, IN
1 ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 671 124, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 112, No 12 (2017), Pagination: 2359-2360Abstract
Coconut, a versatile tree crop, plays an important role in ensuring food and livelihood security to millions of people in tropical countries, in addition to providing invaluable ecosystem services. Coconut research in India began with the establishment of the Coconut Research Station in 1916 by the Madras Presidency. The milestone research achievements include discovery of hybrid vigour (1932), light interception and ischolar_main-spread studies (that resulted in the development of cropping system models), development of pest/disease management strategies, and protocols for embryo culture and cryopreservation of embryos and pollen, processing protocol for novel coconut food products, etc.Full Text
- A Cost-Effective Ground Pollination System for Hybridization in Tall Coconut Palms
Abstract Views :822 |
PDF Views:113
Authors
Affiliations
1 Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 671 124, IN
2 Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore 641 003, IN
3 Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Regional Station, Kayangulam 690 533, IN
1 Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 671 124, IN
2 Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore 641 003, IN
3 Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Regional Station, Kayangulam 690 533, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 114, No 05 (2018), Pagination: 964-970Abstract
Large-scale production of hybrid seed nuts of commercially cultivated palms such as coconut, arecanut, oil palm and date palm is of prime importance due to the high demand for hybrid nuts and their role in augmenting the production of these crops. However, commercial production of hybrid nuts in these crops is impeded by various factors such as height of the palms, cost and availability of labour, low percentage of fruit-setting, seasonal influences like monsoon rains, etc. We report here the development and use of a simple, viable, cost-effective and labour-saving device for pollinating tall palms from ground-level, which is ideal for large-scale commercial production of coconut hybrids, even by farmers. At least four climbs per coconut palm can be saved by this method during the hybridization process. This simple method can enhance the availability of hybrid seedlings at a cheaper rate to coconut farmers. This method of pollination developed for coconut, can easily be adapted to other commercially important palms depending on the bunch morphology.Full Text
References
- Coconut Development Board. Coconut Statistics, 2014; http://coconutboard.nic.in/stat.html
- Anon., Coconut Varieties and Hybrids, CPCRI Technical Bulletin No. 87, 2014, p. 35.
- Anon., Establishment of Elite Seed Garden and Commercial Production of Hybrids, Technical Bulletin No. 22, CPCRI Publication, 1990, p. 12.
- Harries, H. C., Principles, 1976, 20(4), 136–147.
- Anon., Technique for Commercial Production of Coconut Hybrids, Extension Pamphlet No. 18, CPCRI Publication, 1984, p. 10.
- Arecanut and Human Health
Abstract Views :302 |
PDF Views:92
Authors
Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 671124, IN
1 ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 671124, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 115, No 6 (2018), Pagination: 1025-1026Abstract
Arecanut consumption and its effect on human health is of much concern in recent times in India. Even though there were limitations in the epidemiological studies and lack of evidence-based research, voluminous reports were prepared alleging arecanut as a cancercausing agent based on information available on the internet and submitted before the Supreme Court of India. This has caused much anxiety in the arecanut community, including growers, scientists, policymakers, traders and officials of the developmental agencies. A twoday interactive workshop was conducted recently with regard to research on arecanut and human health, and to identify the shortcomings and prioritize future research.Full Text
- Artificial Intelligence in Plantation Crops
Abstract Views :281 |
PDF Views:78
Authors
Affiliations
1 ICARCentral Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 671 124, IN
1 ICARCentral Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 671 124, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 117, No 6 (2019), Pagination: 914-915Abstract
Agriculture plays a vital role in India’s economy with over 58% of the rural households dependent on it as their principal means of livelihood. The Indian agriculture sector, currently facing challenges of climate change, population growth and food security concerns, is progressively looking towards means to leverage innovative technologies which can substantially enhance crop productivity. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is steadily emerging as a part of the technological evolution of this sector. Plantation crops are grown in India over an area of 3.7 million hectares and provide livelihood security to around 30 million people, besides contributing Rs 250 billion to the gross domestic product (GDP). To explore the gamut of applications of AI in agriculture, with special reference to plantation crops, a two-day workshop was held last year.Full Text